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India will soon require smartphone and tablet makers to display a ‘Repairability Index (RI)’ for their devices as part of a government-backed initiative to empower consumers and curb e-waste.
The index, proposed by a Department of Consumer Affairs committee, rates products on ease of repair, spare parts access, and software support. According to a press release published by PIB India, manufacturers must self-declare scores on a 5-point scale, visible via QR codes on packaging, retail displays, and e-commerce listings.
What is the Repairability Index?
The RI evaluates six key parameters:
- Disassembly depth: How easily devices can be taken apart.
- Repair tools: Availability of specialised equipment.
- Spare parts: Access within reasonable timelines.
- Repair manuals: Availability of guides for technicians.
- Fastener types: Standard vs. proprietary screws.
- Software updates: Duration of OS support.
Devices will also be scored on 11 high-failure components like batteries, screens, charging ports, and foldable mechanisms. A final RI score aggregates these metrics, guiding buyers toward durable, repairable choices.
Why This Matters
Rising Grievances: Mobile/tablet repair complaints surged from 19,057 (2022–23) to 22,864 (2024–25), per National Consumer Helpline data.
E-Waste Reduction: India generates 3.2 million tonnes of e-waste annually; easier repairs could extend device lifespans.
Consumer Transparency: Shoppers can compare brands pre-purchase—e.g., a low RI score flags devices prone to costly fixes.
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Industry Impact
A committee chaired by Additional Secretary Bharat Khera included Apple, Samsung, Google, Vivo, Dell, HP, and industry bodies like ICEA. Their consensus-driven framework avoids new compliance burdens but pressures brands to prioritise repairability. Companies relying on sealed designs or proprietary parts may face consumer backlash.
With this move, India joins the EU and the US in advancing ‘right-to-repair’ laws. The move discourages planned obsolescence—a practice where brands limit device longevity to drive repeat purchases.
Next Steps
Consumer Affairs Secretary Nidhi Khare is finalising guidelines post-committee review. Phase 1 targets phones/tablets, with laptops, desktops, and appliances likely added later. Draft rules will soon open for public feedback before implementation.
The RI could reshape buying habits:
Budget Buyers: Opt for mid-range devices with higher RI over fragile premium models.
Resale Value: Easily repairable devices may retain better secondhand prices.
Brand Loyalty: Companies like CMF by Nothing (modular designs) could gain traction if mainstream brands lag.
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